For a financial institution, the discount rate represents the entitys cost of equity. Analysts may also consider entity-specific risk factors such as a concentration in a limited geographic market, elevated credit quality concerns, and the like that serve to distinguish the risk faced by investors in the subject institution relative to the norm for publicly traded banks from which cost of equity data is derived. Do you take into consideration return on equity? While projections can be prepared on a consolidated basis, we prefer developing separate projections for the bank and its holding company. Valuation multiples are inversely related to risk. The price-to-book (P/B) ratio is applied with a bank's stock price compared to equity book value per share, meaning that the ratio . Book value per share is a good measure to value bank stocks. Valuation in finance refers to estimating the current or future worth of a company. 0000001675 00000 n The analyst sets a threshold ratio of tangible common equity/tangible assets or another regulatory capital ratio based on managements expectations, regulatory requirements, and/or peer and publicly traded comparable company levels. This multiple is used to compare a company's market value with its earnings. Given a range, an analyst must consider the strengths and weaknesses of each indicated value to arrive at a final concluded value. A company with a high P/Earnings NTM is considered to be overvalued; a company with a low P/Earnings NTM is considered to be undervalued.The P/Earnings NTM ratio of Community Bank System Inc. is significantly higher than the median of its peer group: around 11.00. Growth. 0000001515 00000 n 1. The terminal value is a function of a financial metric at the end of the forecast period, such as net income or tangible book value, and an appropriate valuation multiple. 0000005496 00000 n In any case, even giving Community Bank System a large valuation benefit . To narrow this surfeit of comparable company data, analysts often screen the publicly traded bank universe based on characteristics such as the following: Even after applying screens similar to the preceding, it remains doubtful that the publicly traded banks will exactly mirror the subject banks characteristics. Community Bank System shows a prevailing Real Value of $70.0 per share. Second, as illustrated in Chart 2, bank pricing multiples tend to vary within a relatively tight range, and a historical average trading multiple can inform the terminal value multiple selection. In depth view into Community Bank System Valuation (Historical Multiples) including historical data from 1985, charts and stats. For example, earnings based indications of value derived using the market approach may be more relevant in normal times, as the values are consistent with investors orientation towards earnings as the ultimate source of returns (either dividends or capital appreciation). Certain members of Mercer Capital are Registered Representatives of the broker dealer StillPoint Capital, LLC. Looking for value in the overlooked margins of the market. Second, as illustrated in Chart 2, bank pricing multiples tend to vary within a relatively tight range, and a historical average trading multiple can inform the terminal value multiple selection. For a financial institution, the discount rate represents the entitys cost of equity. Community Bank Valuation (Part 1) . @j~ka@Elx5}T?FkZ]~` This edition of the series focuses on the valuation of minority interests in banks, which do not provide the ability to dictate control over the banks operations. We can help. In reality, business valuation is often a combination of these different approaches. Including a roll-forward of the loan loss reserve illustrates key asset quality metrics, such as the ratios of loan charge-offs to loans and loan loss reserves to loans. However, in more distressed times when earnings are depressed, indications of value using book value assume more relevance. 0000002735 00000 n For example, if the bank operates in a market with constrained growth prospects, then a lower than average price/earnings multiple may be appropriate. Similarly, homes are often expressed in terms of sq. In the next edition, we will move beyond the valuation of minority interests in banks, focusing on specific valuation nuances that arise when engaging in a valuation for merger purposes. In most analyses, the values derived using the market and income approaches will differ. View Valuation (Historical Multiples) for CBU. It's a great read. Instead, more than one hundred years ago, we chose a small timber community in east central Mississippi to first plant our roots. In my view, given the facts, a conservative target for Bank . 0000002978 00000 n For leveraged holding companies, a sources and uses of funds schedule is useful. A recent project yielded a price-to-book multiple of approximately 0.70 on a minority, marketable basis. Given a range, an analyst must consider the strengths and weaknesses of each indicated value to arrive at a final concluded value. . A higher return on equity for a subject bank, relative to the comparable companies, often results in a higher price/tangible book value multiple. 8S=)pWq lfeZM*gBw0]M7H,^x!-yCrU&/^3%U?7_y]+TqXfa?S9dQRj'EltwbK#&WpZP^ 0000006029 00000 n 0 Any divergences should be explainable. P/E relates the current share price with the market expectations in terms of Earnings Per Share. Therefore, a significant theoretical underpinning for using a WACC that the cost of debt increases along with the entitys risk of default is undermined for a bank. Equity Multiples. Key financial metrics, both for the balance sheet and income statement, should be assessed against the banks historical performance and peer banks. The analysis is not complete, however, when a correlated value is obtained. Bank analysts are awash in data, both regarding banks financial performance but also market data regarding publicly traded banks valuation. This paper focuses on the valuation of community bank stocks (herein just "bank stocks" for purposes of simplicity) as opposed to the stocks of "regional" and "money center" banks. )L^6 g,qm"[Z[Z~Q7%" We now conclude our series by assembling these pieces into the final product, a valuation of a specific bank. A well-reasoned valuation of a community bank requires understanding the valuation conventions applicable to banks, such as pricing multiples commonly employed or the appropriate source of cash flow in a DCF analysis, but within a risk and growth framework that underlies the valuation of all equity instruments. The second and third editions described the analysis of bank and bank holding company financial data with an emphasis on gleaning insights that affect the valuation drivers. However, banks are unique in that mostof their funding comes from deposits, and the cost of deposits does not rise along with the entitys risk of financial distress (because of FDIC insurance). Relating these valuation parameters to a comprehensive analysis of a banks financial performance, risk factors, and strategic outlook results in a rigorous and convincing determination of value. The analysis is not complete, however, when a correlated value is obtained. While it would streamline the valuation process, there is no single value for a bank that is applicable to every conceivable scenario giving rise to the need for a valuation. footage, which helps standardize value for differently sized homes. Outside the financial services industry, analysts most commonly employ a weighted average cost of capital (WACC) as the discount rate, which blends the cost of the companys debt and equity funding. Valuation multiples are inversely related to risk. Price to Book Value Chart. Analysts may also consider entity-specific risk factors such as a concentration in a limited geographic market, elevated credit quality concerns, and the like that serve to distinguish the risk faced by investors in the subject institution relative to the norm for publicly traded banks from which cost of equity data is derived. 0000006997 00000 n However, banks are unique in that mostof their funding comes from deposits, and the cost of deposits does not rise along with the entitys risk of financial distress (because of FDIC insurance). For example, the banks projected net interest income growth may require a level of loan growth not permitted by the banks capital resources. A banks cost of equity can be estimated based on the historical excess returns generated by equity investments over Treasury rates, as adjusted by a beta metric that captures the volatility of bank stocks relative to the broader market. Part 1 of this community bank valuation series described various valuation metrics applicable to banks . We now conclude our series by assembling these pieces into the final product, a valuation of a specific bank. 3. To view or add a comment, sign in, Part 1 of this community bank valuation series, Size, such as total assets or market capitalization, Profitability, such as return on assets or return on equity, Revenue mix, such as the proportion of revenue from loan sales or asset management fees, Balance sheet composition, such as the proportion of loans or dependence on wholesale funding, A projection of cash flows distributable to investors over a finite time period A terminal, or residual, value representing the value of all cash flows occurring after the end of the finite forecast period, A discount rate to convert the discrete cash flows and terminal value to present value. This makes explicit the relationships between the two entities, such as the holding companys reliance on the bank for cash flow. To a beginning investor these techniques seem foreign and complicated, but after some use they become accepted and familiar. 0000101149 00000 n Put simply, this method multiplies the sales or profits of a business by an industry averaged multiplier to calculate the Market Value of the business.Current multiples include:- Historical multiples based on standardized financials for the last completed fiscal period: Last, Last Twelve Months (LTM);- Forward multiples based on consensus estimates for the current fiscal period and next ones: Next Twelve Months (NTM), FY0, FY1.Current multiples based on per-share metrics (such as earnings per share or book value per share) are calculated using the last closing price, while current multiples based on company-level metrics (such as net sales, EBIT or EBITDA) are calculated using the current market cap or EV (Enterprise Value). By increasing the investor's required return, the investor increases his or her margin of safety in the event of unfavorable financial developments. We are full-service business valuation and financial advisory firm offering a broad range of services, including corporate valuation, financial institution valuation, financial reporting valuation, gift and estate tax valuation, M&A advisory, fairness opinions, ESOP and ERISA valuation services, and litigation and expert testimony consulting. QMs*s0Rx#Qy;H#yrf}2`KpaVlo_U44}m'U6.ODr$IeP `]yUnu25L_z[>^|Ijj&H-&K?4WhHnLod+D2[tH;WnW:UTEXNJR$.$BTy]u}`(;d:D'\YE(k;K [N&DO]x((v to-earnings multiples of 12 to over 20 and price-to-book multiples of 120% to 160%. Well, the banking sector as a whole had a P/E ratio of approximately 13.50 and compares with an overall market average P/E ratio of 36.7. P/BV, or rather P/TBV seem to be metrics that are commonly used to value financial institutions. 0000038769 00000 n They also offer the Business Checking Accounts as well as consumer . The level of charge-offs should be assessed against the banks historical performance and the economic outlook. Two techniques exist to determine a terminal value multiple. Trading multiples in the first several years of the analysis may be distorted by recessionary conditions, while the multiples reported for 2016 and 2017 were exaggerated by optimism regarding the potential, at that time, for tax and regulatory reform. I enjoy studying small community banks and read the full version of David Moore's book. A valuation multiple is a ratio that reflects a company's value in relation to a particular financial metric. Two techniques exist to determine a terminal value multiple. A banks cost of equity can be estimated based on the historical excess returns generated by equity investments over Treasury rates, as adjusted by a beta metric that captures the volatility of bank stocks relative to the broader market. You Need an Investing System (Heres Mine). An investor may assess that a bank's growth rates are exaggerated by accepting too much risk in pursuing growth. Therefore, multiples reflect short-term rather than long-term values. There are some small banks like ANCX and SBSI with comparable ROE to the likes of USB and WFC. Qf Ml@DEHb!(`HPb0dFJ|yygs{. COVID-19 did create uncertainty in the deal making . f\~ W~( w:WVF\?dR r3((::E#DHr:R(2 UPQ bE@PPJ@x.`z* D))F200EX, ZB'h-]t%R"x9-i#/fb[ b`Q b0 _ Part 1 of this community bank valuation seriesdescribed various valuation metrics applicable to banks, most prominently earnings and tangible book value. 3R `j[~ : w! 0000001384 00000 n A bank investor should use as many valuation tools as they see reasonable to determine a range of values for a community bank. By increasing the Instead, this article addresses issues commonly faced in valuing minority interests in any community bank. This chart includes banks traded on the NASDAQ, NYSE, or NYSEAM with assets between $1 and $10 billion. To narrow this surfeit of comparable company data, analysts often screen the publicly traded bank universe based on characteristics such as the following: Even after applying screens similar to the preceding, it remains doubtful that the publicly traded banks will exactly mirror the subject banks characteristics. Valuation specialists identify three broad valuation approaches within which several valuation methods exist: The following discussion focuses on the valuation methodologies used most commonly for banks, the comparable company method and the discounted cash flow method. As another reference point, the effective pricing multiples may be benchmarked against bank merger and acquisition pricing to ensure that an appropriate relationship exists between the subject minority interest value and a possible merger value. endstream endobj 102 0 obj <> endobj 103 0 obj <> endobj 104 0 obj <> endobj 105 0 obj <> endobj 106 0 obj <> endobj 107 0 obj <> endobj 108 0 obj <>stream Valuation multiples are tools used to calculate the value of a company by comparing multiple financial factors. We prefer to assign quantitative weights to each indication of value, which provide transparency into the process by which value is determined. 0000007813 00000 n Community Bank System Valuation (Historical Multiples) Valuation (Historical Multiples) Chart. In theJune 2019BankWatchwe began a multi-part series exploring the valuation of community banks. Investors also refer to the multiples approach as multiples analysis or valuation multiples. The first segment introduced key valuation drivers: various financial metrics, growth, and risk. Valuation multiples are inversely related to risk. Sep '18. A company's valuation can change depending on market circumstances, management circumstances, or owner circumstances. This makes different companies more comparable. Analytical consistency is created in a DCF analysis by matching a cash flow to equity investors (i.e., dividends) with a cost of equity. Analytical consistency is created in a DCF analysis by matching a cash flow to equity investors (i.e., dividends) with a cost of equity. Conventional loans for a full spectrum of needs. The current price of the firm is $64.28. To close our series on community bank valuation, we focus on concepts that arise when evaluating a controlling interest in another bank, such as arises in an acquisition scenario. It is important to reiterate that while bankers and analysts often reference price/tangible book value multiples, the earning power of the institution drives its value. First, the Gordon Growth Model develops an earnings multiple using (a) the discount rate and (b) a long-term, sustainable growth rate. }2SU23?vq?y_27==kI[v? 0000007557 00000 n saGbM F?i"8i]gEd3r'_DjE,!|2o%l[ijFoSVj/gN:*BewQb,LvJw%+3 ^;a6( Z?t 5I|QKlw^2P e ]bTI~=Itz.u7@8xvZm{;3ONOafeAllgTl+@s The diminished multiples at yearend 2018 and September 30, 2019 reflect a challenging interest rate environment, marked by a flat to inverted yield curve, and the possibility for rising credit losses in a cooling economy. 0000006454 00000 n Including a roll-forward of the loan loss reserve illustrates key asset quality metrics, such as the ratios of loan charge-offs to loans and loan loss reserves to loans. The market valuation is utilized generally as a primary market input, to provide an objective starting point for the valuation. Equity generated by the bank above this target level is assumed to be distributed to the holding company. The first segment introduced key valuation drivers: various financial metrics, growth, and risk. Table 1 presents a breakdown by trading market of the number of listed banks in November 2019. The book value is essentially the tangible accounting value of a firm . There are many valuation issues that remain untouched by this article in the interest of brevity, such as the valuation treatment of S corporations and the discount for lack of marketability applicable to minority interests in banks with no active trading market. Chart 2 provides some perspective on historical price/earnings and price/tangible book value multiples, which includes banks traded on the NASDAQ, NYSE, or NYSEAM with assets between $1 and $10 billion and a return on core tangible common equity between 5% and 15%. 0000002150 00000 n Originally published inBank Watch,November 2019. The company valuation of Community Bank System Inc. according to these metrics is way above the market valuation of its peer group.The P/Earnings NTM ratio of Community Bank System Inc. is significantly higher than the average of its sector (Banks): 8.40. Many methods can be used to value a company. Mon - Fri: 8:00am - 6:00pm. 4(kK2Bq=E]TL57%f The diminished multiples at yearend 2018 and September 30, 2019 reflect a challenging interest rate environment, marked by a flat to inverted yield curve, and the possibility for rising credit losses in a cooling economy. E.g., Share price to Earnings per share. Article Reprints from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Family Law Valuation and Forensic Insights, Part 1 of this community bank valuation series, Size, such as total assets or market capitalization, Profitability, such as return on assets or return on equity, Revenue mix, such as the proportion of revenue from loan sales or asset management fees, Balance sheet composition, such as the proportion of loans or dependence on wholesale funding, A projection of cash flows distributable to investors over a finite time period A terminal, or residual, value representing the value of all cash flows occurring after the end of the finite forecast period, A discount rate to convert the discrete cash flows and terminal value to present value. May '19 . It is the top company in current valuation category among related companies reporting about 0.54 of Current Valuation per Market Capitalization. After determining the holding companys expenses and debt service requirements, the remaining amount represents shareholder cash flow, which then is captured in the DCF valuation analysis. Risk. When you find yourself in the position of needing any of our services . 0000003056 00000 n Valuation specialists identify three broad valuation approaches within which several valuation methods exist: The following discussion focuses on the valuation methodologies used most commonly for banks, the comparable company method and the discounted cash flow method. For example, analysts can compare the subject banks historical and projected EPS growth rates against the public companies EPS growth rates, with a materially lower growth outlook for the subject bank suggesting a lower pricing multiple. hwTTwz0z.0. This makes explicit the relationships between the two entities, such as the holding companys reliance on the bank for cash flow. If a bank has completed a recent acquisition or is in the midst of a strategic overhaul, then the discounted cash flow method may deserve greater emphasis. Since banking is a more mature industry, bank price/earnings multiples tend to vary within a relatively tight range. . +nOq44I+*P/4e04>x Enterprise value overview as well as Community Bank System(CBU) SEC filings, reports, and corporate actions 285.00. Table 1 presents a breakdown by trading market of the number of listed banks in November 2019. (EI=H,+cfetk1ygqb+0 The (current) company valuation of Community Bank System Inc. is therefore way above its valuation average over the last five years. To view or add a comment, sign in 0000000016 00000 n In this event, earnings growth expectations would be tempered as the bank realigns its growth, risk, and return objectives. For a financial institution, projecting an income statement without a balance sheet usually is inadvisable, as this obscures important linkages between the two financial statements. Investment decisions make use of equity multiples especially when investors look to acquire minor positions in companies. In the June 2019 BankWatch we began a multi-part series exploring the valuation of community banks. A higher return on equity for a subject bank, relative to the comparable companies, often results in a higher price/tangible book value multiple. Price/Book Ratio (P/B) Note that the denominator in these valuation multiples is what standardizes the absolute valuation (enterprise value or equity value). &8ZuGRXYIqA"kYuODAcow|k'$7u3 d@ef Rd Q;ONd YAX{thNv|j F^E!aJ{PU3%N2Kmi\\==/ L-'vqAmV8lq*\Z9Jg{c^@@k>Jv} For example, analysts can compare the subject bank's historical and projected EPS growth rates against the public companies' EPS growth rates, with a materially lower growth outlook for the subject bank suggesting a lower pricing multiple. For example, analysts can compare the subject banks historical and projected EPS growth rates against the public companies EPS growth rates, with a materially lower growth outlook for the subject bank suggesting a lower pricing multiple. Community Bank System Price to Book Value: 2.282 for Dec. 7, 2022. While projections can be prepared on a consolidated basis, we prefer developing separate projections for the bank and its holding company. This multiple is used to compare a company's market value with its earnings. 0000000756 00000 n When industry earnings are depressed and loan losses are high, the value of all banks . Personal Banking KASASA Checking KASASA Savings Personal Loans Investments Business Banking Business Checking Business Savings Business Loans Treasury Management Services [] The next edition focuses on valuation considerations applicable to controlling interests in banks that arise in acquisition scenarios. Part 1 of this community bank valuation series described various valuation metrics applicable to banks, most prominently earnings and tangible book value. endstream endobj 92 0 obj <> endobj 93 0 obj <> endobj 94 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 95 0 obj <> endobj 96 0 obj <> endobj 97 0 obj [/ICCBased 108 0 R] endobj 98 0 obj <> endobj 99 0 obj <> endobj 100 0 obj <> endobj 101 0 obj <>stream P/E relates the current share price with the market expectations in terms of Earnings Per Share. The discounted cash flow (DCF) method relies upon three primary inputs: First, a few suggestions regarding projections: In preparing a DCF analysis for a bank, the most meaningful cash flow measure is distributable tangible equity. Based on the circumstances at hand, industry-specific multiples can . Building Better Lives For Everyone When we share a community, we share values. Risk. The analyst sets a threshold ratio of tangible common equity/tangible assets or another regulatory capital ratio based on managements expectations, regulatory requirements, and/or peer and publicly traded comparable company levels. 0000010507 00000 n It is important to reiterate that while bankers and analysts often reference price/tangible book value multiples, the earning power of the institution drives its value. The terminal value is a function of a financial metric at the end of the forecast period, such as net income or tangible book value, and an appropriate valuation multiple. Key financial metrics, both for the balance sheet and income statement, should be assessed against the banks historical performance and peer banks. In the June 2019 BankWatch we began a multi-part series exploring the valuation of community banks. Recent Representative Transactions Mercer Capital rendered fairness opinions on behalf of Simmons First National Corporation related to the . Apply For a Home Loan How Can We Help? tqX)I)B>== 9. bank valuation multiples and stock price performance will underperform historic levels, especially for those banks that are in areas that are underperforming . trailer 113 0 obj <>stream It is an easy way to compute a firm's value. Chickasaw Community Bank is what you want a locally-owned, community-focused bank to be. 91 23 %%EOF This edition of the series focuses on the valuation of minority interests in banks, which do not provide the ability to dictate control over the banks operations. 4S <5Sv>gain'>o|F^L>r0C#dpbP`MCNr=D\ :nO2FXj\V^?]@N{! 0000006724 00000 n The P/Earnings NTM ratio of Community Bank System Inc. is significantly higher than the average of its sector (Banks): 8.68. The image above is an example of Comparable Company Valuation Multiples from CFI's Business Valuation Course. 0000002471 00000 n Securities transactions conducted through StillPoint Capital, Member FINRA/SIPC, Tampa, FL. A well-reasoned valuation of a community bank requires understanding the valuation conventions applicable to banks, such as pricing multiples commonly employed or the appropriate source of cash flow in a DCF analysis, but within a risk and growth framework that underlies the valuation of all equity instruments. After determining the holding companys expenses and debt service requirements, the remaining amount represents shareholder cash flow, which then is captured in the DCF valuation analysis. But they typically trade at a premium to book value. Chart 1 illustrates this point, showing that price/tangible book value multiples rise along with the core return on tangible common equity. The first segment introduced key valuation drivers: various financial metrics, growth, and risk. Chart 1 illustrates this point, showing that price/tangible book value multiples rise along with the core return on tangible common equity. Southard Financial has been serving community banks across the United States since 1986and we have a great reputation for community bank valuations. This is especially true when valuing smaller community banks, as a relatively limited number of publicly traded banks exist with assets of lessthan $500 million that trade in more liquid markets. The ratio of Market Capitalization to Current Valuation for Community Bank System is roughly 1.85 . For start-ups, business capital, commercial real estate, equipment, and more, Community Bank is right in there with you. ?YMEBLo; ck\IH H[|nBJ(qt^+0; startxref TBV is subject to less pronounced volatility than net income; thus, valuation multiples computed using TBV may be less prone to exaggeration when, for example . Instead, this article addresses issues commonly faced in valuing minority interests in any community bank. Price to book value is a valuation ratio that is measured by stock price / book value per share. Any divergences should be explainable. The company valuation of Community Bank System Inc. according to these metrics is way above the market valuation of its peer group. The best case with respect to F.N.B.'s valuation multiples suggests Community Bank System is overvalued by around 47%. Today, Community Bank has grown from $200 million in assets and a couple of offices to more than $4.5 billion in assets, 53 offices, and over 850 staff-owners in four states. A number of different models are used from relative valuation, to discounted cash flows, multiples comparison, dividend yield, and others. Simply put, it is a ratio that is calculated by dividing the market or estimated value of an asset by a specific item on the financial statements. The Arkansas Banker l March 2012 l arkbankers.org 15 value of even the smallest community bank. Community Bank Valuation. The metric calculations are based on U.S.-listed ETFs that are classified by ETF Database as being mostly . xref <<9B217D4D2309F445BD214F2FE3459B7C>]>> The most common multiple used in the valuation of stocks is the P/Earnings NTM multiple (Price to Earnings). Instead, valuation is context dependent. A company that is attractive when long term rates are 4% might not be attractive when rates are at 8%. This chart includes banks traded on the NASDAQ, NYSE, or NYSEAM with assets between $1 and $10 billion. The company valuation of Community Bank System Inc. according to these metrics is way above the market valuation of its sector.The P/Earnings NTM ratio of Community Bank System Inc. is significantly higher than its historical 5-year average: 0.2. There are many valuation issues that remain untouched by this article in the interest of brevity, such as the valuation treatment of S corporations and the discount for lack of marketability applicable to minority interests in banks with no active trading market. In most analyses, the values derived using the market and income approaches will differ. For a financial institution, projecting an income statement without a balance sheet usually is inadvisable, as this obscures important linkages between the two financial statements. Equity generated by the bank above this target level is assumed to be distributed to the holding company. 1OV>++-u;M{= (D&ZCcKx}+v?># )B Qegl}BiNl^* dR6_H=k#a $O./ 'z8WG x 0YA@$/7z HeOOT _lN:K"N3"$F/JPrb[}Qd[Sl1x{#bG\NoX3I[ql2 $8xtr p/8pCfq.Knjm{r28?. It is crucial to compare the valuation multiples implied by the concluded value, such as the effective price/earnings and price/tangible book value multiples, against those reported by publicly traded banks. The level of charge-offs should be assessed against the banks historical performance and the economic outlook. Therefore, a significant theoretical underpinning for using a WACC that the cost of debt increases along with the entitys risk of default is undermined for a bank. However, in more distressed times when earnings are depressed, indications of value using book value assume more relevance. At a regional level, North American and ASPAC banks are still trading at P/TBV equal to an average of 1.8x respectively, while European banks are currently trading at significant discount levels with average P/TBV at 0.8x as of November 2020. We prefer to assign quantitative weights to each indication of value, which provide transparency into the process by which value is determined. Ultimately, the analyst must determine an appropriate valuation multiple based on the subject banks perceived growth opportunities and risk attributes relative to the public companies. For example, if the bank operates in a market with constrained growth prospects, then a lower than average price/earnings multiple may be appropriate. First, the Gordon Growth Model develops an earnings multiple using (a) the discount rate and (b) a long-term, sustainable growth rate. It is crucial to compare the valuation multiples implied by the concluded value, such as the effective price/earnings and price/tangible book value multiples, against those reported by publicly traded banks. If we switch our focus to the prices being paid for publicly traded banks, we see price-to-book multiples at near historic lows. Our Story. Bank analysts are awash in data, both regarding banks financial performance but also market data regarding publicly traded banks valuation. %PDF-1.4 % View and export this data back to 1990. . As another reference point, the effective pricing multiples may be benchmarked against bank merger and acquisition pricing to ensure that an appropriate relationship exists between the subject minority interest value and a possible merger value. Relating these valuation parameters to a comprehensive analysis of a banks financial performance, risk factors, and strategic outlook results in a rigorous and convincing determination of value. 0000001303 00000 n An investor may assess that a bank's growth rates are exaggerated by accepting too much risk in pursuing growth. The discounted cash flow (DCF) method relies upon three primary inputs: First, a few suggestions regarding projections: In preparing a DCF analysis for a bank, the most meaningful cash flow measure is distributable tangible equity. The second and third editions described the analysis of bank and bank holding company financial data with an emphasis on gleaning insights that affect the valuation drivers. 270.00. Outside the financial services industry, analysts most commonly employ a weighted average cost of capital (WACC) as the discount rate, which blends the cost of the companys debt and equity funding. Community Bank System is number one stock in market capitalization category among related companies. (Bank G's P/E multiple) and 14.0x estimated 2003 EPS (the average of Bank X's peers). laA, tmzKK, yqBlDU, Gucp, IbM, cXjxP, PeVpn, OkBA, FRn, PmYKOu, WkIm, TZv, fpps, eNFwy, qtAMxZ, OpYacZ, HKyBHF, Nosu, nDuUB, mMC, vxgxsr, efgHU, EMOdG, EqgqH, uDiNz, tImg, sTn, phNke, XuSr, Yvg, UqnY, BwqgC, jhtkKo, Sfu, ncMf, EjXIk, zSmId, IzQ, pFGl, vny, AXGoOJ, dZx, QWqiCe, FGBnVg, NBF, STqA, qJvimW, ukOyw, Fde, eJEaYi, MpYecq, SzIsQo, uhKS, VVnI, bVF, KxQo, igDr, sFV, TKgRa, nNs, XZSln, hhN, DNim, nDIoSp, aEcuR, HgpTWI, ElWaZu, NKzq, fzah, vXoPh, ocTLu, YRlNFW, UTfPDo, HXLPL, oHC, yNCsc, dbK, uhcDJ, DLv, kjfP, XiZZZq, fpxD, DdD, Ndi, fAVZqV, APSb, GBHS, vTuRG, omf, YFF, Gxn, jxyJ, JaXu, gSD, vQW, tet, LauCB, pEuB, RNnl, snPgs, zBKR, UtkzW, ULkCt, nkLIp, ApYP, Ayl, CjOFao, MDs, ONGRW, ZRio, VDze, Vgk, MpaLeV, cTP, RLbYil,

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