Sometimes surgery is recommended if a severe ankle sprain is associated with additional injuries, such as an ankle cartilage injury or tendon rupture. All it takes is a simple misstep, and suddenly you have a sprained ankle. The symptoms of a sprained ankle will depend on how bad your injury is. You should also see your doctor if the sprain doesnt seem to be improving over time. A sprained ankle is the stretching or tearing of ankle ligaments, which support the joint by connecting bones to each other. You may be able to treat mild sprains at home. Your ankle may feel quite unstable (wobbly) and you wont be able to put any weight on your foot without a lot of pain. Type of ankle sprain: Approximate healing time: first degree or grade 1 (mild) 3 to 5 weeks: second degree or grade 2 (moderate) 4 to 6 weeks: third degree or grade 3 (severe) It may be difficult to determine whether the ligament is completely healed, but symptoms (pain and swelling) can often guide the advancement of physical therapy and function. A Grade 2 sprain results in partial tearing of the ligament or ligaments. Treatment for a sprained ankle depends on the severity of your injury. Ankle sprains are grouped into two location-based categories: The first 24-48 hours after an ankle sprain are the most uncomfortable, but symptoms can be relieved with at-home treatment, including icing and elevating the injury to reduce swelling. Sprains may occurunexpectedly during many different activities, such as: The types and severity of symptoms for a sprained ankle vary widely depending on the degree of the injury. Outcomes for ankle sprains are generally quite good. The injury occurs when one or more of the ligaments in the ankle are stretched or torn, causing pain, swelling, and difficulty walking. Symptoms of a sprained finger include: Finger sprain symptoms include pain in the finger at the time of injury. You should also have your ankle checked out if the pain and swelling dont improve or they get worse after a few days. Around 90% of ankle sprains involve an inversion injury (the foot turns inward) to the anterior talofibular (ATFL) and calcaneofibular (CFL) ligaments the lateral ligaments on the outside of the ankle. Even if your ankle isnt sprained, your foot will wobble around a lot and youll constantly need to correct your balance. Lameness is usually the first sign of a dog sprained leg this indicates your dog is in pain. A sprained ankle is the stretching or tearing of ankle ligaments, which support the joint by connecting bones to each other. You may have mild swelling, bruising and pain around your ankle, but you should be able to put some weight on your foot. Overview. The symptoms are similar to an ankle sprain, which is why it might initially be overlooked. You may have a sprained ankle if you notice the following symptoms in the ankle: The ankle can sustain many different types of injuries. They might give you a brace or cast to hold your ankle still. Sprained finger symptoms. The most common ankle sprains are the result of: Common symptoms of a sprained arm are swelling, pain, redness and tenderness in the joint. But if your sprain is very bad, you may need medical attention. keep fit = stay in good healthy condition I like to go hiking to keep fit. shed pounds = lose weight I suggest you shed a few pounds to improve your health. Your symptoms depend on how much your ankle ligament is strained or torn. Biceps tendonitis is an overuse injury causing pain and inflammation on the inside/front of the elbow. The ankle is then immobilised in a walking boot (non weight bearing) for 6 weeks. Be sure to follow your doctor's instructions about how long to wear the protective device; early mobility or weightbearing can re-tear the repair or the reconstructed ligament. Always pay attention to the surfaces you're walking or exercising on to avoid accidental trips and falls that could lead to sprains. Expert reviewer, Michelle Njagi, Senior MSK Physiotherapist at Bupa 7 This usually happens when your foot is turned inward or twisted, such as when you: Certain people are more likely to sprain their ankles. Youre also more likely to sprain your ankle again if youve already had a sprained ankle, especially if the ligaments havent healed properly. Grade I. If you have long-term problems with your ankle like instability rolling your ankle repeatedly then your healthcare provider may recommend surgery. Talk to your doctor or physical therapist about strengthening exercises. Accessed May 25, 2017. A sprained ankle is when one of these ligaments is stretched too far or torn. Occasionally, imaging studies, such as X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, are obtained to rule out a fracture or other injury to the nearby tendons and cartilage. This begins with activities that do not require turning or twisting the ankle, followed later by activities that require sharp, sudden turns (cutting activities), such as tennis, basketball, or football. (2014). Youll need to attend regular follow-up appointments with your doctor and complete physical therapy exercises to regain motion and strengthen the muscle about the ankle. Choose footwear with appropriate support for your activity. It will aim to build your strength and mobility while getting back the full range of movement in your ankle. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Pain, especially when you bear weight on the affected foot, Popping sensation or sound at the time of injury, Landing awkwardly on your foot after jumping or pivoting, Walking or exercising on an uneven surface, Another person stepping or landing on your foot during a sports activity. It often happens if your lower leg and foot twist too far outwards. National Athletic Trainers' Association position statement: Conservative management and prevention of ankle sprains in athletes. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Injury to any of the ankle bones, ligaments or tendons and several types of arthritis can cause ankle pain. The amount of time it takes for an ankle sprain to heal depends on the severity of the injury. If you fell or twisted your ankle, and the injury causes you pain, swelling, bruising and you have trouble walking, you can assume that you have a sprained ankle. A mild sprain, which happens when you overstretch a ligament. Advert. These include football, basketball, volleyball and climbing. Biceps tendonitis is an overuse injury causing pain and inflammation on the inside/front of the elbow. Your healthcare provider may recommend physical therapy to help you regain strength and mobility. It is important to discontinue ankle immobilization during this phase to avoid stiffness. This can happen if you twist or turn your foot beyond its normal range of movement and stretch or tear your ligaments. 2013;48:528. This is especially true for games where theres a lot of jumping or a chance of stepping on someones foot. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. This causes the ligament on the outside of your ankle to stretch more than it is able to. Sometimes, you may find it difficult to put weight on your foot or find it more painful when you do. Bruising may also appear later. After a sprained ankle, you may benefit from physical therapy to help improve your overall ankle mobility. Numerous ligaments in the ankle help to keep the bones in proper position and stabilize the joint. There is typically a period of immobilization after surgery. Broken ankle; Broken foot; Broken leg; Burns; Cellulitis (a skin infection) Knee bursitis (inflammation of fluid-filled sacs in the knee joint) Osteoarthritis (disease causing the breakdown of joints) Rheumatoid arthritis (inflammatory joint disease) Sprained ankle Swelling may develop depending on how severe your injury is. A lot. Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Controlling Symptoms With Diet. 1998-2022 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). An MRI may be done if your doctor suspects a fracture, a serious injury to the ligaments, or damage to the surface of the ankle joint. Endurance and agility exercises for calf and ankle strength. Curr Sports Med Rep 2019; 18(6):21723. Stan's Story: Getting There Hasn't Been Easy. Perform exercises recommended by your healthcare provider or physical therapist to improve your range of motion. Long-term problems after a sprained ankle include: After your injury, its important to begin gentle exercises when you can to prevent stiffness and keep your ankle moving. Pain on the sides or front of the ankle. Safran MR, et al. A broken ankle is a more severe injury than a sprained ankle and usually takes longer to heal. Symptoms of a sprained finger include: Finger sprain symptoms include pain in the finger at the time of injury. Wearing high-heels can be risky, especially on uneven ground. Most fully heal between 2 and 12 weeks after you hurt it. 7 It could take several hours to develop. Medial and lateral malleoli, the "bumps" on either side of the ankle. You may also find it difficult to move your foot, or your ankle may feel unstable (wobbly) when you try to stand on it. See if you can get to 30 seconds to 1 minute. Your doctor may suggest certain exercises to help strengthen the muscle about the ankle. Treatment for a sprained ankle depends on the severity of your injury. These tissues, known as ligaments, keep your bones in place when the joint moves. Swelling. Surgery is reserved for injuries that fail to respond to nonsurgical treatment, and for patients who experience persistent ankle instability and pain after months of rehabilitation and nonsurgical treatment. Rolling or twisting the ankle causes ankle sprains. The injury occurs when one or more of the ligaments in the ankle are stretched or torn, causing pain, swelling, and difficulty walking. Make a donation. Ligaments are strong, fibrous tissues that connect bones to other bones throughout the body. When they examine you, theyll check for pain, swelling and bruising around your ankle. Treatment involves immediate surgery to repair the retinaculum 1. When left untreated, an ankle sprain can lead to long-term pain and instability in the ankle. Principles of rehabilitation for the foot and ankle. Doctors grade ankle sprains by how severe they are: Anything that stretches your ankle more than its used to can hurt a ligament. If youre not sure when and how to start exercising your ankle, you can check this with a doctor or physiotherapist. A sprained ankle is a very common injury. Being new to a sport or not having trained properly. When ligaments surrounding the ankle are pushed past these boundaries, it causes a sprain. 6 Over 800,000 patients a year are hospitalized because of a fall injury, most often because of a head injury or hip fracture. The symptoms of an ankle sprain are a lot like a fracture, but youll need to know which injury you have so you can heal the right way. They may include: You dont always need to seek medical help for a sprained ankle. Treatment involves immediate surgery to repair the retinaculum 1. Generally, the greater the pain and swelling, the more severe the injury is. Swelling. Its important to stick to the exercise plan your physiotherapist recommends. They hold the bones of your ankle together, but they allow for some movement. Sprained ligaments often swell rapidly and are painful. Sprained arm refers to sprain in the shoulder or/and elbow joints. The most common ankle sprains are the result of: Your prognosis depends on your commitment to building strength back in your ankle through exercises and rehabilitation. Over-the-counter drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen work for most people. You may have quite a lot of swelling, bruising and pain around your ankle, and you may find it difficult to put weight on your foot. WebHealth seekers have made us the fastest growing health information site. Take care when youre walking or running on uneven surfaces exercise on even surfaces if you can. 0808 231 1041. After surgery, rehabilitation is an important part of the recovery process. Sometimes more than one ligament is affected. They may include: Call your doctor if you have pain and swelling in your ankle and you suspect a sprain. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, may also be ordered to rule out a bone fracture. Click on the POLICE image below to download the PDF. Always read the patient information that comes with your medicine. Ligaments are tough tissue that connects one bone to another. This is because your ankle ligaments may be weaker even after theyve healed. The physical exam is typically followed by an imaging test, like an X-ray. 6 Over 800,000 patients a year are hospitalized because of a fall injury, most often because of a head injury or hip fracture. Its very unlikely youll need to have surgery for a sprained ankle. Ligaments help stabilize joints, preventing excessive movement. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00150. Rehabilitation may take weeks to months. Your doctor or physiotherapist may give you something to protect your ankle while youre moving it, like a brace or splint, if you need it. An ankle sprain usually occurs when someone twists the ankle. Having strong ankle muscles and joints may mean youre less likely to sprain your ankle again. Rolling or twisting the ankle causes ankle sprains. Don't play sports or participate in activities for which you are not conditioned. Tenderness to the touch. Warm up and stretch before exercise and physical activity. There is a problem with For mild sprains, this may take a week to 10 days, while more severe sprains may take up to several weeks to heal. ), Play sports, especially on an indoor court, Wear high heels or shoes that dont fit well, Have weak or stiff ankles, such as because of a previous injury, Your pain is severe or doesnt get better with over-the-counter, You cant walk, or you have severe pain when you do, Your ankle doesnt feel better within 5 to 7 days, You have severe pain or pain that doesnt get better with treatment, Your foot or ankle is twisted or extremely swollen, You have severe pain when you press your medial malleolus or lateral malleolus, the bony bumps on each side of your ankle, Injuring the other ankle because of changes in how you walk. 0330 134 5502 ^, If you have Bupa health insurance, you can come to us before seeing a GP, 336f81c7-bdef-4900-aa56-c56193985614-8E48, View our suite of services including NHS and private care, View all the latest news from Bupa Dental Care, Find out how we can help you in an emergency, Tips and advice on supporting your childs dental health, Find answers to common dental insurance questions, Refer your patient to us for specific treatments, 93034b71-bfd6-44f8-b94a-2d6d7f3df5be-73E2, Call to find out more about care home careers An ankle sprain is a common injury caused by turning or twisting your ankle. Remember, swelling is a natural response to an injury as your body rushes blood to the affected area to help heal it. Sprained ankle. Even if your ankle isnt sprained, your foot will wobble around a lot and youll constantly need to correct your balance. Knowing the symptoms that can be experienced with a sprain is important in determining that the injury is not really a break in the bone. Signs and symptoms will vary, depending on the severity of the injury, and may include: Sprained ankle. If your sprain is very painful and swollen or you're having trouble walking and putting pressure on your ankle, visit your healthcare provider for treatment. These stretches will help, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. WebA sprained ankle can happen when you plant your foot awkwardly, when the ground is uneven, or when you stretch it more than its used to. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Repeat COVID Infection Doubles the Risk of Death, CDC: 16 Places in U.S. Where Flu Cases Are High, Foods Are Getting Sweeter, Appetites Are Changing, Amazon Launches Virtual Health Care Service, Dr. Whyte's Book: Take Control of Your Diabetes Risk, Street Medicine Reaches People Where They Live, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, Step on an uneven surface, like in a hole, Step on someone else while playing sports. Maintain good muscle strength by exercising regularly. Theyll ask exactly how you hurt your ankle and if you could stand and walk afterwards. This can happen if you return to work, sports, or other activities before your ankle heals and is rehabilitated. 2005-2022 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Afterward, apply ice every three to four hours for the next two days. After 2 weeks, most sprains and strains will feel better. Slow down or stop if you feel tired during activities or exercise. The information contained on this page and in any third party websites referred to on this page is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice nor is it intended to be for medical diagnosis or treatment. Symptoms of a sprained finger include: Finger sprain symptoms include pain in the finger at the time of injury. Physical therapy is common for athletes, so you can return to your sport once the injury heals. 6 Each year at least 300,000 older people are hospitalized for hip fractures. Repeated ankle sprains can lead to long-term problems, including chronic ankle pain, arthritis, and instability. There are three types of ankle sprains based on how much ligament damage occurred: The symptoms of a sprained ankle include: Rolling or twisting the ankle causes ankle sprains. Use an ankle support brace or tape on a weak or previously injured ankle. Your doctor will diagnose your ankle sprain by asking you questions about the injury and performing a careful examination of your foot and ankle. Close. You might have X-rays to check for fractures. Swelling is likely to develop over the joint and there will be restricted movement in the finger. What is the long-term outlook for someone with an ankle sprain? Ankle sprains are the most common type of sprain. If youve sprained your ankle before, youre more likely to do it again. Symptoms usually develop gradually over a period of time, rather than being a sudden acute pain. Symptoms include: Moderate pain on the inside of the ankle. More on Golfers elbow; Biceps Tendonitis. This causes one or more ligaments around the ankle to stretch or tear. Signs and symptoms of a sprained ankle vary depending on the severity of the injury. Since your ankle is so far away from your heart, it takes time to pump blood to and away from the injury. Sprained ankle. Motion-controlled movements without resistance. include protected health information. These include: Speak to your doctor or physiotherapist for more advice on the best treatment for you and see our self-help and treatment sections above for more information. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Injury to any of the ankle bones, ligaments or tendons and several types of arthritis can cause ankle pain. Cleveland Clinic offers expert diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation for bone, joint or connective tissue disorders and rheumatic and immunologic diseases. Be careful when walking, running or working on an uneven surface. This content does not have an Arabic version. A thumb sprain happens when you injure the tissues in your thumb that connect the bones in a joint. Some other things you can do are listed below. Sprains can range from tiny tears in the fibers that make up the ligament to complete tears. Although the pain in your ankle may have eased, you should wait until you have full range of motion and have rebuilt the strength in your ankle. A high ankle sprain is a sprain in the upper ligaments of your ankle, above the ankle itself. Here we explain the symptoms, causes, and treatment of an ankle avulsion sprain. They will advise whether or not surgery may be beneficial for you. During the exam, your doctor may move your ankle joint in various ways to check your range of motion. Pay attention to uneven surfaces where youre walking or running. NHS. It happens to people of all ages and levels of health. Bruising may also appear later. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Due to the swelling and inflammation, this physical exam may be painful and often includes: Your doctor may be able to tell the severity of your ankle sprain based on the amount of swelling, pain, bruising, and stability. You can take certain over-the-counter painkillerssuch as paracetamol or ibuprofen to help ease your ankle pain. 0808 271 8573 ^, Members Expert reviewer, Michelle Njagi, Senior MSK Physiotherapist at Bupa Symptom severity varies depending on the degree of injury to the ligaments. ; Sprains can range from tiny tears in the Signs and symptoms of a sprained ankle vary depending on the severity of the injury. Participating in sports that involve rolling or twisting your foot (basketball, football, soccer, tennis). Injury to any of the ankle bones, ligaments or tendons and several types of arthritis can cause ankle pain. Because of this, you may see swelling long after the ankle has healed. But if your ankle is badly sprained or isnt getting any better, your GP may refer you to an orthopaedic surgeon for assessment. Copyright 1995-2021 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Loose feeling in the ankle. Swelling is likely to develop over the joint and there will be restricted movement in the finger. Accessed May 27, 2017. Choose stable shoes that support your ankle, such as high-top basketball shoes. Ask your doctor or physiotherapist when you can safely take up your normal activities again, including sports. Those include: Yet its also just as easy to sprain your ankle by stepping off a curb the wrong way or taking a walk on the beach. You should call your doctor right away if you sprain your ankle. Tendons, cartilage, and blood vessels might also be damaged due to the sprain. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. You can lower your risk for future sprains by: Call your doctor right away if you think youve sprained your ankle again. Your doctor may obtain an MRI: After the examination, your doctor will determine the grade of your sprain to help develop a treatment plan. This is because we believe that trustworthy information is essential in helping you make better decisions about your health and wellbeing. An ankle sprain is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries in people of all ages, athletes and couch potatoes alike. Foot and ankle surgeons treat all conditions affecting the foot and ankle, from the simple to the complex, in patients of all ages including chronic ankle instability. There are different ways that you can sprain your ankle. Your doctor will perform a physical exam to determine which ligaments have been torn. Your doctor can determine whether the injury is a sprain or something more severe. X-rays. Staph Food Poisoning. Biceps tendonitis is an overuse injury causing pain and inflammation on the inside/front of the elbow. Sprains most often happen on the outside of the ankle when you roll your foot. Click on the HARM image below to download the PDF. Ligaments are tough tissue that connects one bone to another. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. This type of sprain doesnt occur as often as a sprain in the lower part of the ankle. If a patient stops doing the strengthening exercises, the injured ligament(s) will weaken and put the patient at risk for future ankle sprains. And make sure you have days off from doing intense exercise. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010. WebOne out of five falls causes a serious injury such as broken bones or a head injury,4,5; Each year, 3 million older people are treated in emergency departments for fall injuries. www.csp.org.uk, last reviewed 13 March 2018. The symptoms of an ankle sprain are a lot like a fracture, but youll need to know which injury you have so you can heal the right way. If you have difficulty bearing weight, or tenderness in the bones of the foot and ankle, you may need additional tests to rule out a fracture. If your ankle hasn't healed completely or you stopped the strengthening exercises, your injured ligament could weaken and put you at risk for future ankle sprains. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could Pain, especially when putting weight on your ankle. Your symptoms will depend on how bad your injury is. Surgery may also be indicated for some high ankle sprains with instability of the ankle syndesmosis. You might have it if the sprain is severe or if youre at higher risk of spraining it again because you play a lot of sports. emedicine.medscape.com, updated 14 January 2019, When to visit an urgent care centre (walk-in centre or minor injury unit). Symptoms usually develop gradually over a period of time, rather than being a sudden acute pain. Whether you are an athlete or a weekend hiker, it's easy to sprain an ankle. 6 Each year at least 300,000 older people are hospitalized for Over-the-counter painkillers are painkillers that you can buy from a pharmacy or shop, without needing a prescription from your GP. For the majority of ankle sprains, healthcare providers recommend using the PRICE method for the first 24-48 hours after injury. After a sprained ankle, you may benefit from physical therapy to help improve your overall ankle mobility. Symptoms and Causes What causes a sprained ankle? All material on this website is protected by copyright. If you have a particularly bad sprain, your doctor or physiotherapist may advise you to wear a cast, splint or brace to immobilise your ankle (stop it from moving) for a few days. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a form of degenerative joint pain. A sprained ankle can be very painful. Brukner & Khan's Clinical Sports Medicine (5th ed, online). Pain on the sides or front of the ankle. Visit your healthcare provider and they'll assess the injury, confirm the diagnosis and offer a treatment plan. Joint stability is important for all types of activities, including standing, walking, and running. Mayo Clinic Staff. Heres our process. An ankle sprain may clear up on its own. The symptoms of a sprained ankle will depend on how bad your injury is. foothealthfacts.org/footankleinfo/ankle-sprain.htm, mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sprained-ankle/basics/definition/con-20032428, aofas.org/footcaremd/conditions/ailments-of-the-ankle/Pages/Sprained-Ankle.aspx, orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00150. A high ankle sprain is a sprain in the upper ligaments of your ankle, above the ankle itself. You should visit your healthcare provider for severe sprain evaluation if you can't walk after an injury and your swelling and pain haven't improved or have gotten worse 24-48 hours after the sprain occurred. Wrist, knee and thumb sprains are also common. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000603, Sprains and strains. Learn the early signs, such as pain and tenderness, stiffness, and loss of flexibility. Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. It may be performed when the damage to the ligaments is severe and there is evidence of instability, or when the injury doesnt improve with nonsurgical treatment. The goals of PT after a sprained ankle are to restore normal ankle range of motion, strength, and A sprained ankle can happen when you plant your foot awkwardly, when the ground is uneven, or when you stretch it more than its used to. 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